SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL AEROSPACE REPORTS
A Biweekly Publication of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VOLUME 44, ISSUE 13 - JULY 5, 2006
03 AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
Includes passenger and cargo air transport operations; airport ground operations; flight safety and hazards; and aircraft accidents.
Systems and hardware specific to ground operations of aircraft and to airport construction are covered in 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air).
Air traffic control is covered in 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation.
For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.
20060016392 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO USA
Quality Assessment Report National Convective Weather Forecast 2 (NCWF-2)
Seseske, S. A.; Kay, M. P.; Madine, S.; Hart, J. E.; Mahoney, J. L.; Mar. 2006; 36 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2006-105839; NOAA/TM/OAR-GSD-33; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This report summarizes a statistical evaluation of the quality of the National Convective Weather Forecast (NCWF-2) product, developed by the ConvectiveWeather Product Development Team under the Federal Aviation Administrations (FAA) Aviation Weather Research Program. The document provides an assessment of the NCWF-2 forecasting capability, including quantitative verification of 1-h and 2-h probabilistic forecasts. The results of this evaluation will be provided to the FAA and NationalWeather Service (NWS)AviationWeather Steering Group (AWSG) for its consideration of whether NCWF-2 is ready for transition to operations. The components of the NCWF-2 considered in this evaluation include all forecast lead times and the probabilistic capability. An evaluation of the NCWF-2 motion vectors is presented in a supplemental report. The NCWF-2 is evaluated using the operational National Convective Weather Detection product (NCWD). For a standard of comparison, the quality of the NCWF-2 is compared to the quality of the operational 1-h NCWF, the 1-h NCWD Persistence, the 1- and 2-h C-SIGMET, and the 2-h Collaborative Convective Forecast Product (CCFP). Overall statistics for the NCWF-2 were computed from 1 April- 30 September 2005. The statistical methodology is consistent with the approach used in previous evaluations of the NCWF such as Brown and Mahoney (2000). NTIS
Aircraft Safety; Atmospheric Circulation; Convection; Convection Currents; Flight Safety; Forecasting; Thunderstorms
20060016426 National Transportation Safety Board, Washington, DC USA
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National Transportation Safety Board Aircraft Accident Report: Controlled Flight Into Terrain, Era Aviation Sikorsky
S-76A++, N579EH, Gulf of Mexico, About 70 Nautical Miles South-Southeast of Scholes International Airport, Galveston, Texas, on March 23, 2004 Mar. 07, 2006; 86 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2006-910402; NTSB/AAR-06/02; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy
This report explains the accident involving an Era Aviation Sikorsky S-76A++ helicopter, N572EH, which crashed into the Gulf of Mexico about 70 nautical miles south-southeast of Scholes International Airport (GLS), Galveston, Texas. Safety issues discussed in this report focus on terrain awareness and warning systems for helicopters, flight control system training, flight-tracking technology for low-flying aircraft in the Gulf of Mexico and preflight testing and maintenance checks for cockpit voice recorders. Safety Recommendations concerning these issues are addressed to the Federal Aviation Administration. NTIS
Accident Investigation; Aircraft Accidents; Airports; Flight Control; Gulf of Mexico; Safety Management; Terrain; Transportation
20060016589 Collier Research and Development Corp., Hampton, VA USA
Consistent Structural Integrity and Efficient Certification with Analysis. Volume 1: Executive Summary, Implemented Solution, and Industry Applications
Collier, Craig; May 2005; 177 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-02-C-3216; Proj-A01V Report No.(s): AD-A444107; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA444107; Avail.: CASI: A09, Hardcopy
Report developed under SBIR contract for topic AF01-239. This SBIR report maintains that reliable pretest predictions and efficient certification are suffering from inconsistent structural integrity that is prevalent throughout a project's design maturity. Eight primary inconsistencies practiced in aerospace structural analysis are identified. This SBIR propose solutions for these inconsistencies and documents software implementation and real world examples. Our primary approach is to couple analytical methods to experimental results to achieve consistent structural integrity by analysis. By establishing repeatable uncertainty from building block test data for unique failure modes, it is possible to identify correlation factors (CFs) that account not only for analysis inaccuracy, but also for observed scatter in test results. Industry-accepted failure analysis predictions then can be used to design more robustly and to avoid unanticipated design flaws discovered in final design, or, worse yet, those that lead to part failure. The CFs can be used to adjust individual margins of safety to produce more consistent structural integrity in the design and dependability in weight predictions of an aerospace vehicle. Such a capability is most useful during preliminary design where 80 percent of design decisions carry forward to final design, including uninformed ones that bring with them difficulties of meeting weight goals, passing structural testing on the first try, and costly certification. DTIC
Aircraft Safety; Airframes; Certification; Flight Safety; Industries; Probability Density Functions; Structural Failure
20060016602 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Fighter/Attack Automatic Collision Avoidance Systems Business Case
Mapes, Peter B; Feb 2006; 41 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A444127; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-2006-0023; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA444127; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This report was done on behalf of the Defense Safety Oversight CouncilAviation Safety Improvements Task Force, Safety Technology Working Group. This study concludes that implementation of Automatic Collision Avoidance Systems (Auto-CAS) in F-16, F/A-18, F/A-22, and F-35 aircraft would save aircrew lives and preserve, and enhance combat capability. DTIC
Collision Avoidance; Commerce; Fighter Aircraft; Jet Aircraft
20060016609 Defense Acquisition Univ., Fort Belvoir, VA USA
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Lasers Aimed at Aircraft Cockpits: Background and Possible Options to Address the Threat to Aviation Safety and Security
Elias, Bart; Jan 26, 2005; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A444154; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA444154; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
A recent rash of incidents involving lasers aimed at aircraft cockpits has raised concerns over the potential threat to aviation safety and security. While none of these incidents has been linked to terrorism, security officials have expressed concern that terrorists may seek to acquire and use higher powered lasers to, among other things, incapacitate pilots. There is also growing concern among aviation safety experts that the ubiquity and low cost of handheld laser devices could increase the number of incidents where pilots are distracted or temporarily incapacitated during critical phases of flight. Possible options to mitigate the threat of lasers include restricting the sale or use of certain laser devices; amending criminal statutes associated with interfering with flight operations; providing pilots with laser eye protection; expanding and enforcing laser free zones around airports; and educating the public regarding the risks of lasers to aviation safety. This report will be updated as needed. DTIC
Aircraft Safety; Flight Safety; Lasers; Security
20060016778 NAVSYS Corp., Colorado Springs, CO USA
A Hybrid Integrity Solution for Precision Landing and Guidance
Gold, Kenn L; Brown, Alison K; Apr 2004; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A444445; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA444445; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
NAVSYS Corporation has designed a hybrid integrity monitoring solution for precision approach and landing in a GPS environment degraded by RF interference. The integrity solution described in this paper leverages the capabilities of next generation digital spatial processing and ultra-tightly-coupled (UTC) GPS/inertial integrated military User Equipment (UE). The design includes a spatial environment integrity monitor, a GPS/inertial RAIM solution that allows detection of small error drift rates before the blended solution can be corrupted and an integrity monitoring function embedded within the Kinematic Carrier Phase Tracking (KCPT) algorithms which provides a level of confidence on the final KCPT solution. Simulation results showing the expected performance of some aspects of this multi-level integrity monitoring approach are presented. A design for an aircraft GPS/inertial digital spatial processing receiver, the HAGR-A, is also included. This receiver, which is based on the NAVSYS Software GPS Receiver, will be used as a test bed for implementation and testing of these integrity monitoring techniques. DTIC
Aircraft Carriers; Aircraft Guidance; Aircraft Landing; Global Positioning System
20060016962 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Do Army Helicopter Training Simulators Need Motion Bases
McCauley, Michael E; Feb 2006; 52 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-A790 Report No.(s): AD-A444549; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy
This report reviews the arguments and the evidence regarding the need for simulator motion bases in training helicopter pilots. It discusses flight simulators, perceptual fidelity, history of motion bases, disturbance versus maneuver motion, human motion sensation, and reviews the empirical evidence for the training effectiveness of motion bases. The section on training effectiveness reviews research from relevant sources, including: Military helicopter, military transport, commercial airlines, general aviation, fighter, and attack aircraft. In addition the author describes a Perceptual Control Theory approach to determining the information requirements for simulator-based training. The author concludes that there is a substantial body of data to support the training effectiveness of flight simulation in general; that there is virtually no evidence to support the training effectiveness of motion platforms; that motion contributes to in-simulator performance, particularly for experienced pilots; that motion cues may be beneficial for flight training in unstable aircraft and in tasks involving disturbance cues, although the evidence is weak; and that motion, noise, and vibration contribute to the realism of the simulation and, therefore, strongly influence the acceptance of a simulator by the pilot community. There is no reliable evidence that a motion base prevents simulator sickness. Instructional design is more important than physical fidelity for training effectiveness. DTIC
Control Theory; Flight Simulation; Flight Simulators; Helicopters; Simulators; Training Simulators
20060017019 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
APMS 3.0 Flight Analyst Guide: Aviation Performance Measuring System
Jay, Griff; Prothero, Gary; Romanowski, Timothy; Lynch, Robert; Lawrence, Robert; Rosenthal, Loren; October 2004; 111 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS2-99091; 728-20-10 Report No.(s): NASA/CR-2004-212840; IH-059; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy
The Aviation Performance Measuring System (APMS) is a method-embodied in software-that uses mathematical algorithms and related procedures to analyze digital flight data extracted from aircraft flight data recorders. APMS consists of an integrated set of tools used to perform two primary functions: a) Flight Data Importation b) Flight Data Analysis. Author
Flight Characteristics; Flight Recorders; Digital Data; Data Recorders; Algorithms
20060017020 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
Perspective Imagery in Synthetic Scenes used to Control and Guide Aircraft during Landing and Taxi: Some Issues and Concerns
Johnson, Walter W.; Kaiser, Mary K.; December 2003; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 727-01-23 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2003-212808; IH-047; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Perspective synthetic displays that supplement, or supplant, the optical windows traditionally used for guidance and control of aircraft are accompanied by potentially significant human factors problems related to the optical geometric conformality of the display. Such geometric conformality is broken when optical features are not in the location they would be if directly viewed through a window. This often occurs when the scene is relayed or generated from a location different from the pilot s eyepoint. However, assuming no large visual/vestibular effects, a pilot cad often learn to use such a display very effectively. Important problems may arise, however, when display accuracy or consistency is compromised, and this can usually be related to geometrical discrepancies between how the synthetic visual scene behaves and how the visual scene through a window behaves. In addition to these issues, this paper examines the potentially critical problem of the disorientation that can arise when both a synthetic display and a real window are present in a flight deck, and no consistent visual interpretation is available. Author
Aircraft Control; Display Devices; Imagery; Human Factors Engineering; Cockpits; Enhanced Vision
20060017310 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
Homeland Security: Protecting Airliners From Terrorist Missiles
Bolkcom, Christopher; Elias, Bartholomew; Feb 16, 2006; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A444824; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA444824; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Recent events have focused attention on the threat that terrorists with shoulder fired surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), referred to as Man-Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS), pose to commercial airliners. Most believe that no single solution exists to effectively mitigate this threat. Instead, a menu of options may be considered, including installing infrared (IR) countermeasures on aircraft; modifying flight operations and air traffic control procedures; improving airport and regional security; and strengthening missile non-proliferation efforts. Equipping aircraft with missile countermeasure systems can protect the aircraft even when operating in areas where ground-based security measures are unavailable or infeasible to implement. However, this option has a relatively high cost, between S 1 million and 53 million per aircraft, and the time needed for implementation does not allow for immediate response to the existing terrorist threat. Procedural improvements such as specific flight crew training, altering air traffic procedures to minimize exposure to the threat, and improved security near airports may be less costly than countermeasures and could more immediately help deter domestic terrorist attacks. However, these techniques by themselves cannot completely mitigate the risk of domestic attacks and would not protect U.S. airliners flying to and from foreign airports. DTIC
Air Traffic; Commercial Aircraft; Countermeasures; Missiles; Security; Terrorism
20060017537 Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards AFB, CA USA
Demonstration of a Control Algorithm for Autonomous Aerial Refueling (Project 'No Gyro'
Ross, Steven M; Menza, Matthew D; Waddell, Jr , Elwood T; Mainstone, Aaron P; Velez, Juanluis; Dec 9, 2005; 61 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A444948; AFFTC-TIM-05-10; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy
The report presents the results of tests to demonstrate a control algorithm for autonomous aerial refueling. The formation flight control system consisted of an attitude system, a positioning system, a data link, and a controller. Attitude information on the lead aircraft (C-12C) was measured with a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS IMU). Position information was provided with a student-designed differential GPS system (including an antenna, receiver, and small computer for processing on both aircraft), which passed information by datalink through antennas installed on both aircraft. Laptops on both aircraft displayed selected parameters and system information, and a pilot display on the Learjet provided current and commanded position information. The trail aircraft (Calspan LJ-25 Learjet) had a student designed control algorithm installed in the Variable Stability System (VSS) that scheduled the flight control surfaces and the throttles during close formation flight (fully autonomous control), while both aircraft simulated normal aerial refueling operations. DTIC
Air to Air Refueling; Algorithms; Autonomy; Flight Control; Formation Flying; Refueling
20060017543 Composite Technology Development, Inc., Lafayette, CO USA
Development of a Novel, Passively Deployed Roll-Out Solar Array
Campbell, Douglas; Barrett, Rory; Lake, Mark S; Adams, Larry; Abramson, Erik; Scherbarth, Mark R; Welsh, Jeffry S; Freebury, Gregg; Beidleman, Neal; Abbot, Jamie; Mar 2006; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9453-05-C-0049; FA9453-05-C-0050; Proj-3005 Report No.(s): AD-A444956; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy
Advanced solar arrays capable of generating greater than 50 kW of total power, at power densities greater than 250 W/kg,are required for many future Air Force missions. The largest heritage systems are limited to less than 15 kW of total power,at roughly 50 W/kg. The Roll Out and Passively Deployed Array (RAPDAR) design will demonstrate the feasibility of 50 kW, 250 W/kg-class solar array systems through an innovative design that takes full advantage of the latest advances in thin-film photovoltaic and TEMBO Elastic Memory Composite (EMC) deployment technologies. The use of solar energy to passively deploy the array further improves the overall system efficiency. The present paper addresses the development and validation of detailed designs for the RAPDAR (patent applied for) structural system. Specific focus is placed on the development and validation of the EMC longerons, which are the primary structural members for the RAPDAR system controlling packaging and deployment, and providing primary stiffness and strength to the deployed system. The paper includes results from both analysis and testing of EMC longerons that demonstrate deployment and shape-storage capacity. DTIC
Deployment; Panels; Roll; Solar Arrays; Solar Cells
20060017667 Wright Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Aircrew Stabilization Improvement Task Windblast Tests With Tekscan Evaluation
Pellettiere, Joseph; Nguyen, Thao; Nguyen, Charles; Dec 2005; 159 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-7184 Report No.(s): AD-A445169; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-2006-0005; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A08, Hardcopy
The windblast experienced by a pilot during aircraft ejection can exert considerable forces to the pilot's upper torso. The T-38 Aircrew Stabilization Improvement Task (ASIT), managed by the 311 Human Systems Wing, developed windblast deflector concepts to help mitigate these potentially injurious effects. The Air Force Research Laboratory, Biomechanics Branch (AFRL/HEPA) provided technical guidance and test support to the ASIT effort during the testing of these deflector concepts, as well as an evaluation of the Tekscan pressure measurement system to record pressures on the chest in the windblast environment. DTIC
Aircraft Accidents; Ejection Seats; Flight Crews; Injuries
20060017833 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
Recommendations for a Cockpit Display that Integrates Weather Information with Traffic Information
Comerford, Doreen A.; July 2004; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 728-20-40 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-212830; IH-055; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
This effort was supported by the System-Wide Accident Prevention element of NASA s Aviation Safety Program. This document may serve as a first step toward the goal of integrating traffic, weather, and terrain information; it provides recommendations for a cockpit display that integrates weather information with traffic information. While some of the recommendations are general enough to be used for any type of operations, these recommendations are targeted for Federal Aviation Regulations Part 121 Operations. The document is organized in the following manner. First, weather information is discussed as an independent subject matter, and recommendations are presented for presenting weather in the cockpit. Second, traffic is discussed independently, but this discussion essentially reviews work on the display of traffic in the cockpit. Third, recommendations for the cockpit integration of weather and traffic information are discussed. Fourth, several research groups are recognized for their efforts in developing systems that are relevant to the current discussion. Finally, closing remarks provide suggestions for future efforts. Author
Aircraft Safety; Cockpits; Display Devices; Flight Safety
20060018302 WaveBand Corp., Irvine, CA USA
Development of a 94 GHZ Radar System for Dedicated Bird Detection at Airports and Airfields
Jan 2006; 101 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-02-2-0119; Proj-4770 Report No.(s): AD-A444862; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA444862; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy
No abstract available
Airports; Radar; Birds; Detection
20060018399 Government Accountability Office, Washington, DC, USA
Aviation Security: Progress Made to Set Up Program Using Private-Sector Airport Screeners, but MoreWork Remains
Mar. 2006; 60 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2006-110739; GAO-06-166; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy
In November 2004, as required by law, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) began allowing all commercial airports to apply to use private screeners in lieu of federal screeners as part of its Screening Partnership Program (SPP). GAO's prior work found that airports and potential private screening contractors had concerns about the SPP, including whether they would be liable in the event of a terrorist attack and how roles and responsibilities would be divided among TSA airport staff and private screening contractors. This report addresses TSA's efforts to (1) provide liability protection to private screening contractors and airports and address other SPP stakeholder concerns; (2) achieve cost-savings through the SPP; and (3) establish performance goals and measures for the SPP. NTIS
Airport Security; Airports; Insurance (Contracts); Liabilities
20060018477 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Effects of the Global War on Terror on Retention of Marine Corps Aviators
Smith, Daniel B; Mar 2006; 117 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A445294; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA445294; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy
This thesis analyzes the retention of Marine Corps aviators before and after 9/11/2001. The retention analysis utilizes data from the Marine Corps Total Force Data Warehouse (TFDW), the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) PERSTEMPO file, and Aviation Information Resources (AIR), Inc. The retention analysis focuses on how the increased operational tempo resulting from the Global War on Terror has affected the retention behavior of Marine aviators. Results indicate that the deployments resulting from the increased operational tempo post-9/11 have a negative effect on the retention of Marine aviators, as compared to the period before 9/11. The post-9/11 analysis reveals that as the number of deployments increases, non-hostile or hostile, the likelihood of retention decreases. Whereas Pre-9/11 aviators were not affected by deployments, the GWOT aviators have an increasingly negative response to deployments. This thesis provides several recommendations for reducing the effect of increased deployments on retention. DTIC
Aircraft Pilots; Deployment; Military Aviation; Personnel Management; Pilots; Warfare
20060018505 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA
Sensitive Security Information and Transportation Security: Issues and Congressional Options
Sollenberger, Mitchel A; Jun 9, 2004; 19 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A445347; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA445347; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
As a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Congress passed legislation creating the Transportation security Administration (TSA). The agency was charged with making improvements to the country's transportation security systems and protecting against future terrorist attacks. TSA was also given the authority to establish regulations for protecting certain information from public disclosure. These regulations govern sensitive security information, or SSI. The purpose of the SSI regulations is to restrict information relative to future terrorist attacks. TSA's application of the SSI regulations has, however, resulted in some controversies over airport security procedures, employee accountability, passenger screening, and airport secrecy agreements. Some experts believe that too much information has been kept from the public in these circumstances. TSA states, however, that protecting SSI is warranted because of the need to protect transportation systems. The regulationspertaining to SSI are exempt from Freedom of Information Act disclosure. A fundamental issue in this controversy is the tension between securing the nation's transportation systems and keeping the public informed. This report providesbackground information on and analysis of issues concerning the SSI regulations. Additionally, it identifies the transportation security and information issues at the heart of this debate. Finally, the report outlines and assesses policy options for Congress,including endorsing current regulations, giving greater specificity to TSA's protection requirements, setting time limits for protection, creating an advisory commission, requiring periodic congressional briefings, or establishing an oversight board. DTIC
Security; Sensitivity; Transportation
20060018537 Air Force Packaging Technology and Engineering Facility, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA
Development of the Combat Talon I - APQ-122 Terrain Following Radar (TFR) Antenna Container
Bozzuto, Matthew P; Evans, Susan J; Mar 2006; 44 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-AFPTEF-05-P-107 Report No.(s): AD-A445393; AFPTEF-06-R-02; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA445393; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
The Air Force Packaging Technology Engineering Facility (AFPTEF) was tasked with the design of a new shipping and storage container for the Combat Talon I - TFR Antenna in May of 2005. The new container is designed to replace the fiberglass container that was previously used. The main problems with the fiberglass design were corrosion due to inadequate environmental control and protection, isolation system breakdown, and that there was no provision for effective warehouse stacking capability. AFPTEF solved these problems. The CNU-682/E, designed to SAE ARP1967A, is an aluminum, long-life, controlled breathing, reusable shipping and storage container. The new container, CNU-682/E, protects the TFR Antenna techanically and environmentally. In addition, the new container makes the item much easier to maneuver during worldwide shipment and storage. The container passed all qualification tests per ASTM D4169. The CNU-682/E container not only meets user requirements but also provides an economic saving for the Air Force. The savings will be thousands of dollars over the twenty-year life span of the container. Total man-hours: 440 DTIC
Aircraft Antennas; Combat; Radar Antennas; Terrain Following
20060018541 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA
Enhancement of the Daytime MODIS Based Aircraft Icing Potential Algorithm Using Mesoscale Model Data
Sherman, Zoe B; Mar 2006; 68 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A445402; No Copyright; ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA445402; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy
In this thesis, MM5 mesoscale model data are examined to determine its utility in enhancing satellite based aircraft icing analysis. The algorithm by Alexander (2005) was used to process MODIS imagery on four separate storms in January 2006, and his algorithm was validated using 133 positive and negative pilot reports (PIREPs). MM5 mesoscale model soundings were then analyzed to determine the temperature (T) and dewpoint temperature (Td) at the altitude and location of each PIREP. Relative humidity (RH) was calculated, and fuzzy logic used to determine the aircraft icing potential associated with the T and RH model based parameters through the use of operational Current Icing Potential (CIP) T and RH interest maps, and the T interest map used in Alexander's algorithm. Model icing potential was calculated using 16 different methods, and it wasfound that weighting RH more in the calculation added the most value to the MODIS based algorithm. It was also found that the Alexander's T interest map added value to the MODIS based algorithm in every case, while the CIP based T interest map only added value when RH was weighted higher. DTIC
Aircraft Icing; Aircraft Safety; Algorithms; Augmentation; Daytime; Flight Safety; Ice Formation; Imaging Spectrometers; Mesoscale Phenomena; MODIS (Radiometry)
20060018840 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA
Spatially Resolved Compressor Characteristics for Modeling and Control of Blade-Scale Flow Instabilities
Adomaitis, Raymond A; Dec 19, 1995; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-93-1-0186 Report No.(s): AD-A445795; ISR-TR-95-44; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Anumerical technique capable of simulating blade-scale compression system flow instabilities over times scales spanning tens of rotor revolutions is presented. Simulations of stall inception and growth to fully developed rotating stall, and evidence for hysteresis, secondary instabilities, and other nonlinear phenomena are presented. Signal processing technique for flow asymmetry characterization are discussed in the context of obtaining low-order representations of the flow disturbances with the ultimate goal of active stall suppression. DTIC
Axial Flow; Compressor Blades; Compressors; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Flow Distribution; Mathematical Models; Rotating Stalls; Stability
20060019039 Swedish Defence Research Establishment, Linkoeping, Sweden
Human Factors Guidelines for Information Presentation and System Handling in Military Aircrafts)
Einerth, H.; Borgvall, J.; Derefeldt, G.; Eriksson, L.; Castor, M.; Sep. 2005; 42 pp.; In Swedish Report No.(s): PB2006-112050; FOI-R-1701-SE; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
In general, military high-performance aircraft environments of today are very advanced and complex. This puts high demand on the operators if maximum effect is to be reached. It is of highest importance that presentation of information and system handling methods are designed to fit and support the human operators' strengths and weaknesses. This report presents some Man-system interaction (MSI) guidelines for information presentation and system handling in military high-performance aircrafts. NTIS
Human Factors Engineering; Information Systems; Man Machine Systems; Personnel; Presentation
Source: NASA
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